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Introduction to Osteoporosis

About osteoporosis:

Bones are living tissues and are constantly repairing areas of damage by a process called remodelling.1,2 As we age, we lose bone mass and bones become more brittle and are more prone to fracture.1,2

Osteoporosis (which translates as porous bone) occurs when bones lose density, become fragile and can easily fracture with a subsequent, devastating impact on mobility, independence, quality of life and mortality.1,2

Patients are usually totally unaware that they are suffering from osteoporosis until they experience a painful fracture.3

This can occur following a fairly minor fall or injury.3 For many, a diagnosis of osteoporosis can come as a surprise. Fractures can occur anywhere in the skeleton, but the most common sites are:3

  • the wrist (distal forearm)
  • hips (proximal femur)
  • spine (vertebral)

as the risk of sustaining a subsequent fracture is highest within the first 12 months (following an initial fracture),4 it is vital that at-risk patients, many of whom currently go undetected, are identified and treated appropriately.

Epidemiology

The NHS estimates that over 3 million people in the UK have osteoporosis.3 Fractures are most likely to increase in women >50 years old and men from their late 60s.5

The UK population is the largest it’s ever been.

Combined with a growing ageing population, this is expected to increase the prevalence of chronic conditions such as osteoporosis.6,7

Average:

  • References

    1. About Osteoporosis, International Osteoporosis Foundation. Available at: https://www.osteoporosis.foundation/patients/about-osteoporosis/ Last accessed: June 2023.

    2. Feng X and McDonald JM. Annu Rev Pathol. 2011;6:121-145.

    3. Osteoporosis, NHS. Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Osteoporosis/ Last accessed: June 2023.

    4. Johnell O, Oden A, Caulin F, Kanis JA. Osteoporos Int. 2001;12: 207-214.

    5. van Staa TP, Dennison EM, Leukens HGM, Cooper C. Epidemiology of fractures in England and Wales. Bone. 2001;29: 517-522.

    6. Overview of the UK population: August 2019. ONS. Available at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/articles/overviewoftheukpopulation/august2019/ Last accessed: June 2023.

    7. Sözen T, et al. Eur J Rheumatol. 2017; 4: 46-56.

    KKI/UK/STX/0024 November 2023